Create a Hamburger Menu with HTML & CSS

19 December 20242 min read

Build a Simple Hamburger Menu Using HTML & CSS

Table of Contents

Step 1: Setting Up the HTML Structure

Step 2: Styling the Menu With CSS

Conclusion

Hamburger menus are an essential feature of modern web design, providing a compact and user-friendly navigation solution. In this article, we’ll create a fully functional hamburger menu using only HTML and CSS, without relying on JavaScript.

Step 1: Setting Up the HTML Structure

Start with a simple HTML structure:

html

1 <!DOCTYPE html>
2 <html lang="en">
3   <head>
4     <meta charset="UTF-8" />
5     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
6     <title>Hamburger Menu</title>
7     <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css" />
8   </head>
9   <body>
10     <nav class="hamburger-menu">
11       <input type="checkbox" id="menu-toggle" />
12       <label for="menu-toggle" class="menu-icon">
13         <span></span>
14         <span></span>
15         <span></span>
16       </label>
17       <ul class="menu">
18         <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
19         <li><a href="#">About</a></li>
20         <li><a href="#">Services</a></li>
21         <li><a href="#">Contact</a></li>
22       </ul>
23     </nav>
24   </body>
25 </html>

Explanation:

An <input> with type checkbox acts as the toggle for the menu.
The <label> with class menu-icon serves as the visual representation of the hamburger icon.
An unordered list (<ul>) contains the menu links.

Create a styles.css file and add the following:

css

1 /* General Reset */
2 body {
3   margin: 0;
4   font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
5 }
6 
7 /* Hamburger Menu Container */
8 .hamburger-menu {
9   position: relative;
10 }
11 
12 /* Hide the Checkbox */
13 #menu-toggle {
14   display: none;
15 }
16 
17 /* Hamburger Icon */
18 .menu-icon {
19   display: flex;
20   flex-direction: column;
21   cursor: pointer;
22   width: 30px;
23   gap: 5px;
24 }
25 
26 .menu-icon span {
27   background-color: #333;
28   height: 4px;
29   border-radius: 2px;
30   transition:
31     transform 0.3s,
32     background-color 0.3s;
33 }
34 
35 /* Menu Styles */
36 .menu {
37   list-style: none;
38   padding: 0;
39   margin: 0;
40   display: none;
41   position: absolute;
42   top: 40px;
43   right: 0;
44   background: #fff;
45   box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
46 }
47 
48 .menu li {
49   padding: 10px 20px;
50 }
51 
52 .menu li a {
53   text-decoration: none;
54   color: #333;
55 }
56 
57 /* Show Menu on Checkbox Checked */
58 #menu-toggle:checked ~ .menu {
59   display: block;
60 }
61 
62 /* Animate Hamburger Icon */
63 #menu-toggle:checked + .menu-icon span:nth-child(1) {
64   transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(10px);
65 }
66 
67 #menu-toggle:checked + .menu-icon span:nth-child(2) {
68   background-color: transparent;
69 }
70 
71 #menu-toggle:checked + .menu-icon span:nth-child(3) {
72   transform: rotate(-45deg) translateY(-10px);
73 }

Explanation:

The #menu-toggle:checked selector is used to toggle the menu visibility and animate the icon.
CSS transitions and transforms add smooth animations.

Conclusion

With just HTML and CSS, you’ve created a responsive hamburger menu. This lightweight solution is perfect for projects where simplicity and speed are crucial. Expand on this by adding custom styles or integrating it into larger layouts.

css

hamburger

Create a Hamburger Menu with HTML & CSS

Step 1: Setting Up the HTML Structure

Step 2: Styling the Menu With CSS

Conclusion

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